Paramagnetic Singularities of the Orbital Magnetism in Graphene with a Moiré Potential.

The recent detection of the singular diamagnetism of Dirac electrons in a single graphene layer paved a new way of probing 2D quantum materials through the measurement of equilibrium orbital currents which cannot be accessed in usual transport experiments. Among the theoretical predictions is an intriguing orbital paramagnetism at saddle points of the dispersion relation. Here we present magnetization measurements in graphene monolayers aligned on hexagonal boron nitride crystals. Besides the sharp diamagnetic McClure response at the Dirac point, we detect extra diamagnetic singularities at the satellite Dirac points of the moiré lattice. Surrounding these diamagnetic satellite peaks, we also observe paramagnetic peaks located at the chemical potential of the saddle points of the graphene moiré band structure and relate them to the presence of van Hove logarithmic singularities in the density of states. These findings reveal the long ago predicted anomalous paramagnetic orbital response in 2D systems when the Fermi energy is tuned to the vicinity of saddle points.

Heat Equilibration of Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Edge Modes in Graphene.

Hole-conjugate states of the fractional quantum Hall effect host counterpropagating edge channels which are thought to exchange charge and energy. These exchanges have been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental works; in particular, it is yet unclear if the presence of integer quantum Hall edge channels stemming from fully filled Landau levels affects heat equilibration along the edge. In this Letter, we present heat transport measurements in quantum Hall states of graphene demonstrating that the integer channels can strongly equilibrate with the fractional ones, leading to markedly different regimes of quantized heat transport that depend on edge electrostatics. Our results allow for a better comprehension of the complex edge physics in the fractional quantum Hall regime.

Características de los casos de violencia contra la mujer de Asunción y Gran Asunción, Paraguay (2008-2012) / Characteristics of cases of violence against women from Asunción and Gran Asunción, Paraguay (2008-2012)

La violencia contra la mujer constituye"todo acto de violencia basado en el género que tiene como resultado posible o real un daño físico, sexual o psicológico", constituyendo un problema de violación de los derechos humanos y de salud pública. El objetivo fuedescribir las características de los casos de violencia contra las mujeres provenientes de Asunción y Gran Asunción, registrados en el Museo de la Justicia, desde el 1 de enero del 2008 al 30 de junio del 2012. Fueron analizadas 1.722 fichas de los juzgados de paz de Asunción y Gran Asunción, remitidos al Museo de la Justicia.Elpromedio de edad de la víctima fue de 35 ± 11,5 años (rango 15 a 87); victimarios 37 ± 10,6 años (rango 14 a 87).Tanto las víctimas como los agresores eran de Asunción, casados, estudios primarios. Las víctimas eran amas de casa 55,1%, (949) y los agresores dependientes (44,9%, 773). El 56,1% (966) tenían hijos y de estos 39,7% (683) sufrieron algún tipo de agresión. El 63,4%(1.092) recibió más de un tipo de violencia, siendo la psíquica las más frecuente (25%, 430). El 50,3%(867) recibió agresiones con una frecuencia de 1 a 5 veces en el último año, 50,2% (864) realizó denuncias previas. Otros factores fueron el alcohol 24,9% (428) y factores culturales como los celos, el machismo, etc. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con la profesión y la violencia. La violencia contra la mujer constituye un grave problema que debe ser visualizado para su prevención. Palabras claves: Violencia contra la mujer; Violencia; mujer; Asunción; Gran Asunción.

Violence against women constitutes in "any genderbased act of violence that results in physical, sexual or psychological harm" resulting in the violation of human rights and public health. The objective was to describe the characteristics of cases of violence against women from Asunción and Gran Asunción, registered in the Museum of Justice, from January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2012. 1,722 files sent to the Museum of Justice were analyzed from Asuncion and Gran Asunción's peace courts. The average age of the victims was between 35 ± 11.5 years (range 15-87); perpetrators 37 ± 10.6 years (range 14 to 87). Both the victims and the perpetrators were of Asunción, married, primary studies. The victims were housewives (55.1%, 949) and the dependent aggressors (44.9%, 773). 56.1% (966) had children and of these, 39.7% (683) suffered some form of aggression. 63.4% (1,092) received more than one type of violence, being the psychic the most frequent one (25%, 430). 50.3% (867) received assaults with a frequency of 15 times in the last year, 50.2% (864) made previous complaints. Other factors were alcohol 24.9% (428) and cultural factors such as jealousy, male chauvinism, etc. Statistically significant differences were found with the profession and violence. Violence against women is a serious problem that must be visualized for its prevention. Key words: Violence against women; violence; woman; Asuncion; Gran Asunción.

Quantum Hall resistance standard in graphene devices under relaxed experimental conditions.

The quantum Hall effect provides a universal standard for electrical resistance that is theoretically based on only the Planck constant h and the electron charge e. Currently, this standard is implemented in GaAs/AlGaAs, but graphene's electronic properties have given hope for a more practical device. Here, we demonstrate that the experimental conditions necessary for the operation of devices made of high-quality graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition on silicon carbide can be extended and significantly relaxed compared with those for state-of-the-art GaAs/AlGaAs devices. In particular, the Hall resistance can be accurately quantized to within 1 × 10(-9) over a 10 T wide range of magnetic flux density, down to 3.5 T, at a temperature of up to 10 K or with a current of up to 0.5 mA. This experimental simplification highlights the great potential of graphene in the development of user-friendly and versatile quantum standards that are compatible with broader industrial uses beyond those in national metrology institutes. Furthermore, the measured agreement of the quantized Hall resistance in graphene and GaAs/AlGaAs, with an ultimate uncertainty of 8.2 × 10(-11), supports the universality of the quantum Hall effect. This also provides evidence of the relation of the quantized Hall resistance with h and e, which is crucial for the new Système International d'unités to be based on fixing such fundamental constants of nature.

Quantum Hall resistance standards from graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition on silicon carbide.

Replacing GaAs by graphene to realize more practical quantum Hall resistance standards (QHRS), accurate to within 10(-9) in relative value, but operating at lower magnetic fields than 10 T, is an ongoing goal in metrology. To date, the required accuracy has been reported, only few times, in graphene grown on SiC by Si sublimation, under higher magnetic fields. Here, we report on a graphene device grown by chemical vapour deposition on SiC, which demonstrates such accuracies of the Hall resistance from 10 T up to 19 T at 1.4 K. This is explained by a quantum Hall effect with low dissipation, resulting from strongly localized bulk states at the magnetic length scale, over a wide magnetic field range. Our results show that graphene-based QHRS can replace their GaAs counterparts by operating in as-convenient cryomagnetic conditions, but over an extended magnetic field range. They rely on a promising hybrid and scalable growth method and a fabrication process achieving low-electron-density devices.

Strong-coupling BCS superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric BaPtSi3: a low-temperature study.

We report on measurements of the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth of a high-quality sample of BaPtSi3 (Tc = 2.25 K). We observe a temperature-independent behaviour below T ≃ 0.2 Tc, which is firm evidence for the presence of an isotropic superconducting gap in this material. In the whole temperature range the superfluid density is described well by a strong-coupling Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) model with an isotropic gap Δ0 ≈ 2kBTc. Our results provide further support for conventional BCS superconductivity in the nonmagnetic members of the noncentrosymmetric family of superconductors that crystallize with the BaNiSn3-type tetragonal structure.

Valoración del interrogatorio de la alergia a antibióticos en la historia clínica / Assessment of the antibiotic allergy questionnaire in the medical history

Introducción: el interrogatorio clínico es un instrumentoeficaz para evaluar la alergia a los antibióticos. El objetivo denuestro trabajo es valorar su prevalencia y su fiabilidad para ladetección de alergias en las historias clínicas.Métodos: análisis observacional de la presencia del datode alergia a los antibióticos en las historias de un hospital general.Comprobación mediante interrogatorio dirigido de lafiabilidad del dato.Resultados: se evalúan 610 historias. En 98% de los casosconstaba interrogada la alergia a antibióticos. Setenta y un pacientes(12%) tenían registrada alergia a algún antibiótico. Enla valoración por el investigador, sólo un 5% (33 de 610 casos)resultó tener alergia. De detectó un 44% de falsas alergia. Lascausas más frecuentes de confusión fueron lipotimia e intoleranciagástrica.Conclusiones: la presencia del dato de alergia o no a losantibióticos es prácticamente constante en todas las historiasclínicas. La prevalencia de alergia a algún antibiótico medianteinterrogatorio dirigido es del 5%. Es necesario explicar periódicamenteal colectivo sanitario el significado de la alergia a losantibióticos y la importancia del interrogatorio dado que ésteconstituye un instrumento rápido, sencillo y muy eficaz(AU)

Objectives: Antibiotic allergy questionnaire is a usefultool for prescribing antibiotics. The objective of thisstudy is to assess the prevalence and clinical reliabilityof antibiotic allergy in medical records.Patients and method: Observational analysis of clinicalrecords. Assessment of antibiotic allergy by directinterview conducted by the investigator.Results: 610 medical records were evaluated. Antibioticallergy was checked in 98%, mainly in medicalwards. In 12 % of patients, antibiotic allergy was suspected,but after investigator interview only 5% of patientsfulfilled clinical criteria for allergy. 44% of falsesallergies were recorded. The most frequent cause of confusionwas faint and gastric intolerance.Conclussion: The questionnaire about antibioticallergy is present in almost all medical records. Howeverits reliability is low, less than 50%. Prevalence of veritableantibiotic allergy is 5% in this study. Antibioticallergy questionnaire in medical records is a practical tool.However periodical training about antibiotic allergydefinition is necessary for nurses and medical staff(AU)

Paciente de 47 años con derrame pericárdico / No disponible

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[Assessment of the antibiotic allergy questionnaire in the medical history]. / Valoración del interrogatorio de la alergia a antibióticos en la historia clínica.

OBJECTIVES: Antibiotic allergy questionnaire is a useful tool for prescribing antibiotics. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and clinical reliability of antibiotic allergy in medical records. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Observational analysis of clinical records. Assessment of antibiotic allergy by direct interview conducted by the investigator. RESULTS: 610 medical records were evaluated. Antibiotic allergy was checked in 98%, mainly in medical wards. In 12 % of patients, antibiotic allergy was suspected, but after investigator interview only 5% of patients fulfilled clinical criteria for allergy. 44% of falses allergies were recorded. The most frequent cause of confusion was faint and gastric intolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire about antibiotic allergy is present in almost all medical records. However its reliability is low, less than 50%. Prevalence of veritable antibiotic allergy is 5% in this study. Antibiotic allergy questionnaire in medical records is a practical tool. However periodical training about antibiotic allergy definition is necessary for nurses and medical staff.

[Renal angiomyolipoma complicated by extension to the renal vein and inferior vena cava]. / Angiomyolipome rénal compliqué d'une extension à la veine rénale et à la veine cave inférieure.

Renal angiomyolipomas are renal hamartomas. They are usually found incidentally, presenting as well-defined echogenic masses on sonography and fat containing tumors on CT and MRI. We report a case of angiomyolipoma with sonographic and CT evidence of extension to the renal vein and inferior vena cava.

Uterine lipoma: MRI features with pathologic correlation.

Fatty tumors of the uterus are rare. Most reported cases have been of the mixed type, consisting of smooth muscle and mature adipose tissue. We present the first case of a pure lipoma with pathologic correlation in which a preoperative diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging.

Factors influencing fluoroscopy time and dose-area product values during ad hoc one-vessel percutaneous coronary angioplasty.

X-ray exposure during radiologically guided interventional procedures may have some deleterious effects. The aim of our study was to analyse the factors affecting patient dose during percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA). We evaluated radiation dose during coronary angiography followed by one-vessel PTCA in 402 consecutive patients who were treated by three experienced physicians using both femoral and radial techniques. Fluoroscopy time (t) and patient dose measured by a dose-area product (DAP) meter were recorded. A good correlation was observed between t and the DAP (r=0.78, p<0.001). To assess the factors affecting radiation exposure, we studied the differences between operators, arterial catheterization access and stenting strategy. Median (25th to 75th percentiles) values for t were 19 (13 to 26) min and for DAP were 191 (145 to 256) Gy cm(2) for operator 3 compared with t=12 (9 to 18) min and DAP=137 (91 to 208) Gy cm(2) for operator 2 (p<0.005 versus operator 3) and t=13 (9 to 17) min, and DAP=134 (93 to 190) Gy cm(2) for operator 1 (p<0.001 versus operator 3). Differences between the radial and the femoral techniques were: t=17 (13 to 24) min versus 12 (8 to 17) min, (p<0.001) and DAP=175 (128 to 246) Gy cm(2) versus 138 (93 to 197) Gy cm(2), (p<0.001). In comparison with stenting without pre-dilation, direct stenting significantly reduced t and DAP [t=12 (9 to 16) min versus 16 (11 to 22) min, (p<0.001) and DAP=130 (95 to 186) Gy cm(2) versus 163 (119 to 230) Gy cm(2), respectively, (p<0.01)]. Radiation exposure to patients and staff are strongly dependent on operators, stenting strategy and the arterial access chosen for ad hoc one-vessel PTCA.

[Multidetector CT and MRI in pancreatic diseases]. / Scanner multidétecteur face à l'IRM dans la pathologie du pancréas.

Multidetector CT and MRI are the most efficient non invasive techniques in the assessment of pancreatic diseases. As with MRI, multidetector CT has now become an all in one examination using 2 D and 3 D multiplanar reformations with the ability to perform with high accuracy: a) vascular assessment using MIP reconstruction and b) biliary and pancreatic ducts assessment using minIP reconstruction. This review compares and illustrates the respective advantages of MRI and multidetector CT in the assessment of pancreatic diseases.

A catalytic subunit of the sugar beet protein kinase CK2 is induced by salt stress and increases NaCl tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Salinity is an important limiting factor in plant growth and development. We have cloned a catalytic subunit of the sugar beet protein kinase CK2 (BvCKA2) by functional expression in yeast of a NaCl-induced cDNA library. BvCKA2 was able to increase the yeast tolerance to NaCl and to functionally complement the cka1 cka2 yeast double mutant upon over-expression. Southern blot analysis indicated that, in sugar beet, the BCKA2 gene is a member of a multigene family. The mRNA levels of BvCKA2 were up-regulated in response to NaCl stress which suggests that protein kinase CK2 may be involved in the plant response to salt stress.

[Imaging of the anterior abdominal wall: ultrasonography and CT features]. / Imagerie de la paroi abdominale antérieure: aspects en échographie et en TDM.

US and CT have both become major tools in imaging of the anterior abdominal wall. The goal of this pictorial review is to illustrate the respective roles of US and CT in the evaluation of normal and abnormal anterior abdominal wall.

In vivo evaluation of a retrievable vena cava filter--the Dibie-Musset filter: experimental results.

PURPOSE: To evaluate, in an animal model, the efficacy and safety of a 7 Fr percutaneous vena cava filter for temporary or permanent use. METHODS: The Dibie-Musset (DM) filter is a wire preformed into a double-spiral shape with a spring effect. The experiment was performed in 15 adult sheep and consisted of the insertion of 45 filters, clot trapping tests, and filter retrieval. Follow-up in all sheep consisted of radiologic (abdominal radiograph, inferior vena cavogram, abdominal computed tomography), macroscopic, and microscopic examinations between days 8 and 386 after filter placement. RESULTS: Of the 45 filters implanted in 15 sheep, 29 were retrieved between day 0 and day 15. Filtration efficiency was 100% for clots 4 x 4 x 20 mm. No long-term (1 year) side-effects were detectable. Microscopic examination of the vein wall showed only a dense intimal fibrosis without signs of acute inflammation at 1 year. CONCLUSION: These results support the efficiency and safety of the DM filter in an animal model.

[Renal varices. X-ray computed tomographic diagnosis and treatment by embolization]. / Varices rénales. Diagnostic tomodensitométrique et traitement par embolisation.

Two cases of recurrent macroscopic hematuria in which the diagnosis of left renal vein varices has suggested on CT are described. Bloody efflux was seen from the left ureteric orifice. On CT scans, tubulated contrast-enhanced densities in left perineal fat were seen. Selective renal angiography was normal. Selective left renal phlebography demonstrated intra and perirenal varices. In the two cases, embolization with metallic coli was successfully performed during left renal phlebography, to stop renal varices flux. Diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of renal varices are discussed with predominant place for CT and phlebography.

[Cavo-mesenterico-portal shunt in inferior vena cava obstruction]. / Dérivation cavo-mésentérico-portale au cours d'une obstruction de la veine cave inférieure.

We report a case of cavo-mesenterico-portal shunt in vena cava obstruction. The main role and frequency of this preferential pathway are reviewed and analyzed.